2. Specifics
introduces: if _ then _ else _ , when _ then _ , there is _ , not _ ,
both _ , either _ , all _ , any _ .
includes: Instant/Distinction ( truth-value for s , _ is _ ) .
needs: Tuples/Basics . truth-value <= component .
- if_then_else _ :: truth-value, x, y -> x | y (linear) .
- when _ then _ :: truth-value, x -> x (partial) .
- there is _ :: x -> true (total) .
- not _ :: truth-value -> truth-value (total, injective) .
- both _ :: (truth-value, truth-value) -> truth-value
(total, associative, commutative, idempotent, unit is true) .
- either _ :: (truth-value, truth-value) -> truth-value
(total, associative, commutative, idempotent, unit is false) .
- all _ :: truth-value* -> truth-value
(total, associative, commutative, idempotent, \unit is true) .
- any _ :: truth-value* -> truth-value
(total, associative, commutative, idempotent, unit is false) .
- _ is _ :: truth-value, truth-value -> truth-value (total) .
(1) (if t:truth-value then x else y) = when t then x | when not t then y .
(2) (when true then x) = x ; (when false then x) = nothing .
(3) (there is x!) = true ; (there is nothing) = nothing .
(4) (not true) = false ; (not not t:truth-value) = t .
(5) both (t:truth-value, u:truth-value) = if t then u else false ;
both (t:truth-value, u:truth-value) = true => t = true .
(6) either (t:truth-value, u:truth-value) = if t then true else u ;
either (t:truth-value, u:truth-value) = false => t = false .
(7) all (s1:truth-value, s2:truth-value) = both (s1, s2) .
(8) any (s1:truth-value, s2:truth-value) = either (s1, s2) .
(9) true is false = false .

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[Created by Jin Jin Yi and Ana Carla Santos. Last modified at 21 Dec 1997 by Jin Jing Yi]